Politicians have incentive to support special-interest groups at the expense of unorganized, widely dispersed groups (for example, taxpayers or consumers)

• Only when the benefits that accrue to the special-interest group exceed the costs imposed on others.
• When nonspecial-interest voters are unconcerned or uninformed about the issue, and campaign funds are readily available from the special-interest group.
• Only if the government action is efficient.
• Only if the government action reduces the size of the budget deficit.