Bobby Brush agreed to paint Harry Resident's house for $5,000. Bobby never planned to actually paint the house, but made a habit of entering into contracts, taking partial or complete payment in advance, and never doing the work. Bobby got his friend, Beth, to talk to Harry about how competent and honest Bobby was, and explain that Harry should not be concerned about the quality of work or paying Bobby in advance.

Harry wrote Bobby a $3,000 check one week before the painting was to be started. Bobby transferred the check to Allison in exchange for Allison's car, which was worth $2,800. Before Allison had a chance to deposit the check, there were several news stories about Bobby and all the fraud he had been committing. Allison then transferred the check to Beth, who then transferred it to Cathy. Beth gave Allison value for the check, and Cathy gave Beth value. Explain the applicability of the shelter principle in this situation.