The following direct materials and direct labor data pertain to the operations of Batista Manufacturing Company for the month of August.Costs Quantities

• Actual labor rate $13 per hour Actual hours incurred and used 4,250 hours
• Actual materials price $128 per ton Actual quantity of materials purchased and used 1,250 tons
• Standard labor rate $12 per hour Standard hours used 4,300 hours
• Standard materials price $130 per ton Standard quantity of materials used 1,200 tons

Provide two possible explanations for each of the unfavorable variances calculated above, and suggest where responsibility for the unfavorable result might be placed.