Question 1: ________ responsibilities relate to a business's contributions to stakeholders.

• Economic
• Legal
• Ethical
• Voluntary
• Social responsiveness

Question 2: Which of the following is not a benefit to businesses of engaging in voluntary responsibilities?

• Help create an ethical culture and values that can act as a buffer to organizational misconduct
• Reduce government involvement by providing assistance to stakeholders
• Develop employee leadership skills
• Improve employee compensation and retention
• Improve the quality of life in communities

Question 3: The primary objective of U.S. antitrust laws is to

• protect consumers from high prices and foreign products.
• protect domestic businesses.
• protect employees.
• promote strategies that enhance business welfare over consumer welfare.
• distinguish competitive strategies that enhance consumer welfare from those that reduce it.

Question 4: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

• prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, or national origin.
• penalizes the top executives in an organization for misconduct.
• is basically the same as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
• discourages whistle-blowers from reporting misconduct.
• prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of gender.

Question 5: Which of the following acts, passed in response to public outrage over conditions described in Upton Sinclair's The Jungle, was the first consumer protection legislation?

• Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
• Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act of 1974
• Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972
• Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

Question 6: Which is not one of the four sources of criminal and civil laws?

• Judicial law
• Common law
• Constitutional law
• Administrative law
• Statutory law

Question 7: ________ tie(s) an organization's product(s) directly to a social concern through a marketing program.

• Voluntary contributions
• Cause-related marketing
• Strategic philanthropy
• Corporate giving
• Employee benefits

Question 8: Cause related marketing can affect consumer ________, if consumers are sympathetic to the cause and the brand and cause are seen as a good fit.

• individual ethics
• tastes
• perceptions
• budgets
• buying patterns

Question 9: Companies take basic ________ and translate them into core ________.

• Customs, values
• Values, principles
• Cultures, principles
• Cultures, customs
• Principles, values

Question 10: Which of the following is not considered a significant other group in the workplace?

• Peers
• Managers
• Spouses
• Coworkers
• Subordinates

Question 11: Those who have influence in a work group are referred to as significant others and include

• peers, managers, coworkers, and subordinates.
• family members, peers, and coworkers.
• spouses and friends.
• employees in similar job situations.
• employees who hold the same job.

Question 12: Which of the following is not an issue that helps in business ethics evaluations and decisions?

• Ethical issue intensity
• Individual factors
• Organizational factors
• Personal guilt
• Opportunity

Question 13: Which of the following is not one of the six "spheres of influence" to which individuals are subject when confronted with an ethical issue?

• Educational attainment
• Workplace
• Family
• Legal system
• Community

Question 14: The ________ includes the motivational "carrots and sticks" superiors use to influence employee behavior.

• Obedience to authority
• Immediate job context
• Locus of control
• Normative approach
• Descriptive approach

Question 15: Normative business ethics takes into account the ________ realities outside the legal realm in the form of industry standards.

• Descriptive
• Political
• Social
• Economic
• Normative

Question 16: Following the ethical directives of a superior relates to

• an internal locus of control.
• obedience to authority.
• moral intensity.
• gender.
• ethical issue intensity

Question 17: When a person defines right and wrong on the basis of legal contracts, he or she is using which of Kohlberg's stages of development?

• Punishment and obedience (1st stage)
• Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (3rd stage)
• Social system and conscience maintenance (4th stage)
• Prior rights, social contract, or utility (5th stage)
• Universal ethical principles (6th stage)

Question 18: Which moral philosophy is based on the premise that equal respect must be given to all persons?

• The relativist perspective
• Deontology
• Egoism
• Teleology
• Utilitarianism

Question 19: An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?

• Universal ethical principles (6th stage)
• Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (3rd stage)
• Social system and conscience maintenance (4th stage)
• Punishment and obedience (1st stage)
• Prior rights, social contract, or utility (5th stage)

Question 20: Which is the last of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?

• Individual instrumental purpose and exchange
• Need achievement
• Social system and conscience maintenance
• Punishment and obedience
• Universal ethical principles

Question 21: ________ justice is based on the evaluation of outcomes or results of the business relationship.

• Procedural
• Interactional
• Distributive
• Ethical
• Egotistical

Question 22: ________ justice considers the processes and activities that produce the outcome or results.

• Disruptive
• Procedural
• Interactional
• Communications
• Evaluative

Question 23: A central problem with relativism is

• that it emphasizes people's differences, not similarities.
• that few people believe that these principles are important.
• that they are very complicated.
• that they represent unattainable goals.
• that many feel that virtue ethics only works in theory.

Question 24: ________ deals with the issue of what individuals feel they are due based on their rights and performance in the workplace, and therefore is more likely to be based on deontological moral philosophies than on teleological or utilitarian ones.

• Rights
• Virtue ethics
• Justice
• Relativism
• Egoism

Question 25: Enlightened egoism

• is when an individual puts spiritual feelings above all others.
• centers completely on the short-term well-being of others.
• centers on one's short-term self-interest.
• centers on one's long-term self-interest but takes others' well-being into account.
• centers on the long-term well-being of others

Question 26: The ________ was called "a sweeping overhaul of the financial regulatory system...on a scale not seen since the reforms that followed the Great Depression."

• Equal Pay Act
• Americans with Disabilities Act
• Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
• Age Discrimination in Employment Act
• VII of the Civil Rights Act

Question 27: ________ law not only prohibits specific actions in business such as fraud, theft, or securities trading violations, but also imposes fines or imprisonment as punishment for breaking the law.

• Civil
• Criminal
• Competitive
• Administrative
• Regulatory

Question 28: ________ is the synergistic and mutually beneficial use of an organization's core competencies and resources to deal with key stakeholders so as to bring about organizational and societal benefits.

• Social responsibility
• Business ethics
• Corporate philanthropy
• Strategic philanthropy
• Cause-related marketing

Question 29: The ________ of ethics involves embedding values, norms, and artifacts in organizations, industries, and society.

• institutionalization
• rationalization
• commercialization
• mobilization
• enforcement

Question 30: The ________ regulates tobacco, dietary supplements, vaccines, veterinary drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, products that give off radiation, and biological products.

• World Trade Organization
• Consumer Financial Protection Agency
• Department of Justice
• Environmental Protection Agency
• The Food and Drug Administration

Question 31: Which is not one of the four sources of criminal and civil laws?

• Judicial law
• Common law
• Constitutional law
• Administrative law
• Statutory law

Question 32: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

• prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, or national origin.
• penalizes the top executives in an organization for misconduct.
• is basically the same as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
• discourages whistle-blowers from reporting misconduct.
• prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of gender

Question 33: Companies that ________ will most likely be found in violation of procompetitive legislation.

• pollute waterways
• knowingly harm consumers
• contract with sweatshops
• establish monopolies
• help consumers

Question 34: The ________can be defined as a set of values, norms, and artifacts, including ways of solving problems shared by members of an organization.

• corporate culture
• intentions of a corporate
• ethical issue awareness
• determination of a corporation
• individual factors

Question 35: Which of the following is not considered a significant other group in the workplace?

• Peers
• Managers
• Spouses
• Coworkers
• Subordinates

Question 36: ______ have been found to decrease unethical practices and increase positive work behavior.

• High educational attainment levels
• High levels of community involvement
• Charismatic leaders
• Strong religious beliefs
• Good personal values

Question 37: For people who begin the value shift that leads to unethical decisions, which of the following is not a usual justification to reduce and eliminate guilt?

• I need a paycheck and can't afford to quit right now.
• Those around me are doing it so why shouldn't I?
• If I don't do this, I might not be able to get a good reference from my boss when I leave.
• If I don't do this, I might never be promoted.
• This is in keeping with my personal morals and the code of conduct, so it is okay.

Question 38: Which of the following is the first step in the ethical decision making process?

• Being socialized into the firm's corporate culture
• Applying a personal moral philosophy in order to individualize the ethical decision making process
• Recognizing that an issue requires an individual or work group to make a choice that ultimately will be judged by stakeholders as right or wrong
• Soliciting the opinions of others in a work group or in the overall business in order to gain feedback
• Enforcing the firm's ethical standards with rewards and punishment

Question 39: The ________ includes the motivational "carrots and sticks" superiors use to influence employee behavior.

• Obedience to authority
• Immediate job context
• Locus of control
• Normative approach
• Descriptive approach

Question 40: Employees that see themselves as going with the flow because that's all they can do have a(n)

• external locus of control.
• moral intensity
• obedience to authority
• opportunity
• internal locus of control

Question 41: ________ is the ability to perceive whether a situation or decision has an ethical dimension.

• Ethical issue intensity
• Locus of control
• Ethical awareness
• Moral intensity
• Opportunity

Question 42: ________ have lower ethical issue sensitivity, meaning they are less likely to detect ethical issues. They may be more committed to completing projects and more dedicated to group values and objectives.

• Relativists
• Hedonists
• Pragmatists
• Deontologists
• Teleologists

Question 43: Enlightened egoism

• is when an individual puts spiritual feelings above all others.
• centers completely on the short-term well-being of others.
• centers on one's short-term self-interest.
• centers on one's long-term self-interest but takes others' well-being into account.
• centers on the long-term well-being of others

Question 44: ________ believe that no one thing is intrinsically good.

• Hedonists
• Pluralists
• Relativists
• Deontologists
• Teleologists

Question 45: An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?

• Universal ethical principles (6th stage)
• Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (3rd stage)
• Social system and conscience maintenance (4th stage)
• Punishment and obedience (1st stage)
• Prior rights, social contract, or utility (5th stage)

Question 46: Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of its conformity to general moral principles and respect for individual rights?

• The relativist perspective
• Act utilitarianism
• Rule utilitarianism
• Act deontology
• Rule deontology

Question 47: Which is the last of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?

• Individual instrumental purpose and exchange
• Need achievement
• Social system and conscience maintenance
• Punishment and obedience
• Universal ethical principles

Question 48: An individual who believes that an action is ethical because others within his or her company and industry regularly engage in the activity is probably a(n)

• utilitarian.
• relativist.
• teleologist.
• deontologist.
• egoist.

Question 49: ________ justice considers the processes and activities that produce the outcome or results.

• Disruptive
• Procedural
• Interactional
• Communications
• Evaluative

Question 50: According to Kohlberg's model, as a person progresses through the stages of moral development, and with time, education, and experience, he/she

• is unlikely to change his/her values and ethical behavior.
• may change his/her values and ethical behavior.
• will likely be promoted.
• will depend more on the input of significant others in ethical decision making.
• will experience less opportunity to behave unethically.