Question - Contribution margin, break- even sales, cost-volume-profit chart, margin of safety, and operating leverage

Blythe Industries Inc. expects to maintain the same inventories at the end of 2012 as at the beginning of the year. The total of all production costs for the year is therefore assumed to be equal to the cost of goods sold. With this in mind, the various department heads were asked to submit estimates of the costs for their departments during 2012. A summary report of these estimates is as follows:

Estimated fixed costs Estimated Variable cost (per unit sold)

Production costs:

Direct materials $30

Direct Labor 20

Factory overhead $340,000 11

Selling expenses:

Sales salaries and commission 80,000 5

Advertising 32,000

Travel 8,00

Miscellaneous selling expense 7,600 5

Administrative expenses:

Office and officers' salaries 120,000

Supplies 8,000 2

Miscellaneous administrative expense 4,400 2

Total $600,000 $75

It is expected that 8,000 units will be sold at price of $200 a unit. Maximum sales within the relevant range are 9,000 units.

Instructions

1. Prepare an estimated income statement for 2012

2. What is the expected contribution margin ratio?

3. Determine the break-even sales in units and dollars.

4. Construct a cost-volume-profit chart indicating the break-even sales.

5. What is the expected margin of safety in dollars and as a percentage of sales?

6. Determine the operating leverage.