Q. 1. Country Z is a developing country that is facing problems of deforestation. For agriculture Farmers are clearing land to meet the rising requirement for food. Policymakers are exploring ways to lesser demand, comprising ways to lower population growth. If Country Z implements a family planning program that provides free contraception to everyone, what happens to the equilibrium population size and wage? Label these new points as P** and W**. Describe the sequence of events that occur when moving from (P*, W*) to (P**, W**). At the new equilibrium, is mortality higher or lower than before? Is fertility higher or lower than before?

2. According to Malthus, does the population of Country Z return to the initial equilibrium of (P*, W*) in the long run? Why or why not?

3. The leaders of neighboring Country Y did not have as much foresight as the leaders of Country Z. The people of Country Y are facing hyperinflation of food prices due to mismanagement of the economy and the depletion of natural resources. As a result of the internal turmoil, a large number of refugees cross over into Country Z. On a new graph, show what happens to population size, wages, births, and deaths in Country Z shortly after the influx of refugees. Label these new points P** and W**. Assume that the refugees have the same fertility and mortality as the natives of Z.

4. According to Malthus, does population of Country Z return to the initial equilibrium of (P*, W*) in the long run? Why or why not?