Problem #1

The following information is available to reconcile Litner Co.'s book balance of cash with its bank statement cash balance as of April 30. The April 30 cash balance according to the accounting records is $78,356, and the bank statement cash balance for that date is $83,525.

a. The bank erroneously cleared a $480 check against the account in April that was not issued by Litner. The check documentation included with the bank statement indicates the check was actually issued by Lightning Co.
b. On April 30, the bank issued a credit memorandum for $53 interest earned on Litner's account.
c. When the April checks are compared with entries in the accounting records, it is found that Check No. 1828 had been correctly drawn for $1,530 to pay for advertising but was erroneously entered in the accounting records as $1,350
d. A credit memorandum indicates that the bank collected $10,000 cash on a note receivable for Litner, deducted a $30 collection fee, and credited the balance to the company's Cash account. Litner did not record this transaction before receiving the statement.
e. A debit memorandum of $895 is enclosed with the bank statement for an NSF check for $870 received from a customer. The bank assessed a $25 fee for processing it.
f. Litner's April 30 daily cash receipts of $5,102 were placed in the bank's night depository on that date, but do not appear on the April 30 bank statement.
g. Litner's April 30 cash disbursements journal indicates that Check No. 1837 for $584 and Check No. 1840 for $1,219 were both written and entered in the accounting records, but are not among the canceled checks.

1. Prepare the bank reconciliation for this company as of April 30.

2. Prepare the journal entries necessary to bring the company's book balance of cash into conformity with the reconciled cash balance as of April 30.

Problem #2

A company purchased merchandise inventory costing $15,000 with credit terms of 2/10, n/30 on November 7. On November 15, the company paid 1/3 of the amount due. The remaining balance was paid on December 7.

Required:

a. Record the journal entries related to this transaction using the gross method of recording purchases.

b. Record the journal entries related to this transaction using the net method of recording purchases.

c. Which method do you prefer? Why?

Problem #3

A company purchased a machine for $75,000 that was expected to last 6 years and to have a salvage value of $6,000. At the beginning of the machine's fourth year the company decided that the machine's estimated useful life should be revised to a total of 10 years instead of 6 years. Also, the salvage value was re-estimated to be $5,500. Straight-line depreciation was used throughout the machine's life. Calculate the depreciation expense for the fourth year of the machine's useful life.

Problem #4 

Architect's fees for the new building ...................................... $ 12,000

Cash paid for land and run-down building on the land ........ 300,000

Removal of old building ........................................................................................... 18,000

Salvage from sale of old building materials .............................. (4,000)

Construction survey to site the new building ............................. 1,500

Legal fees for title search .............................................................. 3,000

Excavation for basement construction ...................................... 25,000

Machinery purchased for operations ...................................... 100,000

Storage charges on machinery because building was

not ready when machinery was delivered ................................ 900

Freight on machinery purchased .................................................. 1,600

Hauling charges to delivery machinery from

storage to new building ............................................................................................ 300

Construction costs of new building ...................................... 1,000,000

Landscaping .................................................................................. 20,000

Installation of machinery ............................................................................................ 2,500

A company made the following expenditures in connection with the construction of its new building:

Prepare a schedule showing the amounts to be recorded as Land, Buildings, and Machinery.

Problem #5
The following calendar year information about the Tahoma Corporation is available on December 31:

Advertising expense....................................... $ 28,800

Depreciation of factory equipment ................... 42,320

Depreciation of office equipment ...................... 10,800

Direct labor....................................................... 142,600

Factory utilities ............................................................................ 35,650

Interest expense .............................................................................. 6,650

Inventories, January 1:

Raw materials ............................................................................ 3,450

Goods in process .................................................................. 17,250

Finished goods ....................................................................... 35,650

Inventories, December 31:

Raw materials ............................................................................ 2,300

Goods in process .................................................................. 20,700

Finished goods ....................................................................... 31,050

Raw materials purchases................................. 132,450

Rent on factory building .......................................................... 41,400

Indirect labor ................................................................................. 51,750

Sales commissions ..................................................................... 16,500

The company applies overhead on the basis of 125% of direct labor costs.

a. Calculate the amount of over- or under-applied overhead.

b. What is the significance of this over- or under-applied amount of overhead?

Problem #6

A company has a goal of earning $100,000 in after-tax income. The company must pay $28,000 in income tax if it achieves the goal. The contribution margin ratio is 30%. What dollar amount of sales must be achieved to reach the goal if fixed costs are $64,000?