Problem 1 -
Freshpak Corporation manufactures two types of cardboard boxes used in shipping canned food, fruit and vegetables. The canned food box (type C) and the perishable food box (type P) have the following material and labor requirements.
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Type of Box
|
|
C
|
P
|
|
Direct material required per 100 boxes:
|
|
|
|
Paperboard ($.30 per pound)
|
20 pounds
|
60 pounds
|
|
Corrugating medium ($.20 per pound)
|
20 pounds
|
30 pounds
|
|
Direct labor required per 100 boxes ($10.00 per hour):
|
.30 hour
|
.55 hour
|
The following manufacturing-overhead costs are anticipated for the next year. The predetermined overhead rate is based on a production volume of 485,000 units for each type of box. Manufacturing overhead is applied on the basis of direct-labor hours.
|
Indirect material
|
$ 4,500
|
|
Indirect labor
|
47,000
|
|
Utilities
|
15,000
|
|
Property Taxes
|
12,000
|
|
Insurance
|
16,175
|
|
Depreciation
|
29,000
|
|
Total
|
123,675
|
The following selling and administrative are anticipated for the next year.
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Salaries and fringe benefits of sales personnel
|
75,000
|
|
Advertising
|
15,000
|
|
Management salaries and fringe benefits
|
90,000
|
|
Clerical wages and fringe benefits
|
26,000
|
|
Miscellaneous administrative expenses
|
4,000
|
|
Total
|
210,000
|
The sales forecast for the next year is as follows:
|
Sales Volume
|
Sales Price
|
|
Box type C
|
495,000 boxes
|
$85.00 per hundred boxes
|
|
Box type P
|
495,000 boxes
|
110.00 per hundred boxes
|
The following inventory information is available for the next year. The unit production costs for each product are expected to be the same this year and next year.
|
Expected Inventory
|
Desired Ending Inventory
|
|
January 1
|
December 31
|
|
Finished goods:
|
|
|
|
Box type C
|
16,000 boxes
|
6,000 boxes
|
|
Box type P
|
18,000 boxes
|
8,000 boxes
|
|
Raw material:
|
|
|
|
Paperboard
|
12,000 pounds
|
10,000 pounds
|
|
Corrugating medium
|
6,000 pounds
|
9,000 pounds
|
Required: Prepare a master budget for Freshpak Corporation for the next year.
Assume an income tax rate of 40 percent. Include the following schedules.
1. Sales budget
2. Production budget
3. Direct-material budget
4. Direct-labor budget
5. Manufacturing-overhead budget
6. Selling and administrative expense budget
7. Budgeted income statement (Hint: To determine cost of goods sold, first compute the manufacturing cost per unit for each type of box. Include applied manufacturing overhead in the cost).
Problem 2 -
The following data are the actual results for Marvelous Marshmallow Company for October.
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Actual output
|
9,000 cases
|
|
Actual variable overhead
|
420,000
|
|
Actual fixed overhead
|
122,000
|
|
Actual machine time
|
40,500 machine hours
|
Standard cost and budget information for Marvelous Marshmallow Company follows:
|
Standard variable-overhead rate
|
$8.50 per machine hour
|
|
Standard quantity of machine
|
3 hours per case of marshmallows
|
|
Budgeted fixed overhead
|
$130,000 per month
|
|
Budgeted output
|
10,833 cases per month
|
Required:
1. Use any of the methods explained in the chapter to compute the following variances. Indicate whether each variance is favorable or unfavorable, where appropriate.
a. Variable-overhead spending variance.
b. Variable-overhead efficiency variance.
c. Fixed-overhead budget variance.
d. Fixed-overhead volume variance.
2. Build a spreadsheet: Construct an Excel spreadsheet to solve the preceding requirement. Show how the solution will change if the following information changes: actual output 9,100 cases, and actual variable overhead was $395,000.