Journalizing Various Receivable Transactions the trial balance before adjustment for Sinatra Company shows the following balances. Using the data above, give the journal entries required to record each of the following cases. (Each situation is independent.)

1. To obtain additional cash, Sinatra factors without recourse $20,000 of accounts receivable with Stills Finance. The finance charge is 10% of the amount factored.

2. To obtain a one-year loan of $55,000, Sinatra assigns $65,000 of specific receivable accounts to Ruddin Financial. The finance charge is 8% of the loan; the cash is received and the accounts turned over to Ruddin Financial. 

3. The company wants to maintain the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at 5% of gross accounts receivable.

4. The company wishes to increase the allowance account by 11⁄2% of net sales.