Company A, a US company, has asubsidiary located in Country Z, where various forms of bribery areaccepted and expected. To oversee the operations of the subsidiary,Company A sent one of its top US managers to Country Z. Manager Mengaged in the following activities while in Country Z duringrecent months operations:

a. Paid the equilvalent of $200 toa government inspector to reschedule the inspection date of a newmanufacturing facility from April 15 to Feb 15

b. Paid an average of $50 each tofour local police officers who are in charge of patrolling the areaaround the new manufacturing facility. The officers have agreed toincrease the number of times they check the area.

c. Company N, a domestic company,is in competition with Company A for a government contract. CompanyA has learned that N has given approximately $5,000 to the officalwho will make the final contract decesion. To remain in therunning, manager M authorized Company A to pay an equal amount tothe offical.

d. The electric utilities aregovernment owned and operated. Due to the frequency of severestorms, there are often power outages due to downed lines. ManagerM has paid the offical in charge repair crews $200 to ensure that the manufacturing plant's power is one of the firstrestored.

Under the Foreign CorruptPractices Act. as amended, which of the above is consideredillegal?

From an operations standpoint,which of the above would be considered bad managementpractice?

Are there solutions other thenbribery?