Assignment: Break-even Price and Shut-down Price
In this Assignment, you will define and calculate the remaining six major cost elements of a business, when given the Total Costs and the Quantity Produced, as well as to use the computed costs to determine a minimum cost output level for that business. In addition, you will compute both the break-even price and the shut-down price for a hypothetical business in a perfectly competitive market, anddetermine if that business would incur an economic profit at various market prices, and should the firm continue to produce at each of those price levels.
Questions
Table 2.a. shows an LED light bulb manufacturer's total cost of producing LED light bulbs.
Table 2.a.
|
Cases of LED light bulbs produced in an hour
|
Total Cost
|
|
0
|
$4,500
|
|
10
|
$4,900
|
|
20
|
$5,100
|
|
30
|
$5,300
|
|
40
|
$5,400
|
|
50
|
$5,700
|
|
60
|
$6,700
|
|
70
|
$7,900
|
|
80
|
$9,700
|
|
90
|
$11,800
|
1. What is this manufacturer's fixed cost? Explain why.
2. Assuming that you only know the Total Costs (TC) (as is shown in the Table 2.a. above) explain howyou would calculate each of the following:
a. Variable Cost (VC);
b. Average Variable Cost (AVC);
c. Average Total Cost (ATC);
d. Average Fixed Cost (AFC); and,
e. Marginal Costs (of a single case).
3. In Table 3.a., for each level of output, insert into the table the values for:
a. the Variable Cost (VC);
b. the Average Variable Cost (AVC);
c. the Average Total Cost (ATC); and,
d. the Average Fixed Cost (AFC).
Table 3.a.
|
Cases of LED light bulbs produced in an hour
|
Total Cost
|
Variable Costs
|
Average Variable Costs
|
Average Total Costs
|
Average Fixed Cost
|
|
|
|
a.
|
b.
|
c.
|
d.
|
|
0
|
$4,500
|
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
|
10
|
$4,900
|
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
$5,100
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
$5,300
|
|
|
|
|
|
40
|
$5,400
|
|
|
|
|
|
50
|
$5,700
|
|
|
|
|
|
60
|
$6,700
|
|
|
|
|
|
70
|
$7,900
|
|
|
|
|
|
80
|
$9,700
|
|
|
|
|
|
90
|
$11,800
|
|
|
|
|
e. Given the information you computed in Table 3.a., what is the minimum cost output Level? Explain why.
4. Brenda Smith operates her own farm, raising chickens and producing eggs. She sells her eggs at the local farmers' market, where there are several other egg producers' also selling eggs by the dozen. (Brenda operates in a perfectly competitive market in which she is a "price taker.") In order to make sure she does not lose money on selling eggs, she does an analysis of her costs for producing eggs as shown on Table 4.a.
Table 4.a.
|
Dozens of eggs
|
Fixed Cost
|
Total Cost
|
Variable Costs
|
Average Variable Costs per dozen
|
Average Total Costs per dozen
|
|
0
|
$3.35
|
$3.35
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
|
10
|
$3.35
|
$10.50
|
$7.15
|
$0.72
|
$1.05
|
|
20
|
$3.35
|
$16.40
|
$13.05
|
$0.65
|
$0.82
|
|
30
|
$3.35
|
$23.10
|
$19.75
|
$0.66
|
$0.77
|
|
40
|
$3.35
|
$30.00
|
$26.65
|
$0.67
|
$0.75
|
|
50
|
$3.35
|
$36.50
|
$33.15
|
$0.66
|
$0.73
|
|
60
|
$3.35
|
$48.00
|
$44.65
|
$0.74
|
$0.80
|
|
70
|
$3.35
|
$64.40
|
$61.05
|
$0.87
|
$0.92
|
|
80
|
$3.35
|
$80.00
|
$76.65
|
$0.96
|
$1.00
|
|
90
|
$3.35
|
$135.00
|
$131.65
|
$1.46
|
$1.50
|
a. What is Brenda's break-even price for a dozen of eggs? Explain how you found that answer.
b. What is Brenda's shut-down price for a dozen of eggs? Explain how you found that answer.
c. If the market price of a dozen eggs at the local farmers' market is $1.45 per dozen, will Brenda make an economic profit? Explainhow you determined your answer.
d. If the market price of a dozen eggs at the local farmers' market is $1.45 per dozen, should Brenda continue producing eggs in the short run? Explain how you determined your answer.
e. If the market price of a dozen eggs at the local farmers' market is 72 cents per dozen, will Brenda make an economic profit? Explain how you determined your answer.
f. If the market price of a dozen eggs at the local farmers' market is 72 cents per dozen, should Brenda continue producing eggs in the short run? Explain how you determined your answer.
g. If the market price of a dozen eggs at the local farmers' market is 64 cents per dozen, will Brenda make an economic profit? Explain how you determined your answer.
h. If the market price of a dozen eggs at the local farmers' market is 64 cents per dozen, should Brenda continue producing eggs in the short run? Explain how you determined your answer.