Aggarwal Company has had 10,000 shares of 10%, $100 par-value preferred stock and 80,000 shares of $5 stated-value common stock outstanding for the last three years. During that period, dividends paid totaled $0, $200,000, and $220,000 for each year, respectively.

Required:

Compute the amount of dividends that must have been paid to preferred stockholders and common stock- holders in each of the three years, given the following four independent assumptions:

a. Preferred stock is nonparticipating and cumulative.

b. Preferred stock participates up to 12% of its par value and is cumulative.

c. Preferred stock is fully participating and cumulative.

d. Preferred stock is nonparticipating and noncumulative.