Q1) Two companies which have been competitors for many years newly decided to quit fighting each other and merge into one company. Companies were siyuated next to each other and shared common wall for plant space. In the effort to promote goodwill and to raise transparency between companies, the recently merged enterprise knocked down common wall which once separated them. Top management agreed that control of operations would be equally shared and that original plant managers would continue to operate similarly to how they had in past, except now as one company with two divisions (A and B) and two division managers.
Companies (now divisions) each made same product and produced at the same rate. Only apparent difference was that Division A was more labor-intensive, by using many workers with simple tools to get their production, where as more capital-intensive Division B used automated machines and fewer workers to get production. Otherwise, their respective product outputs were same. Both companies manufactured at the rate of 1,000 units per year. Division A assigned overhead based on direct labor hours (DLH) where as Division B allocated overhead based on machine hours (MH).
Cost data for most recent year reflected same actual amount of overhead resource usage per DLH ($25) and per MH ($40) between divisions, but divisions incurred slightly different total overhead costs per unit of product because of emphasis on labor in A and machines in B. Because of this, actual cost of overhead was given below:
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Division A
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Division B
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DLH = 5 per product unit @ $25 = $125 per unit
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DLH = 2 per product unit @ $25 = $50 per unit
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MH = 2 per product unit @ $40 = $80 per unit
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MH = 4 per product unit @ $40 = $160 per unit
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Total actual overhead cost per unit = $205
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Total actual overhead cost per unit = $210
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Total actual overhead cost incurred = $205,000
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Total actual overhead cost incurred = $210,000
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Other costs comprise direct material (DM) of $100 per product unit for both divisions and direct labor of $50 per product unit for Division A and $20 per product unit for Division B reflecting wage rate of $10 per direct labor hour (DLH).
After merger operations manager of each division decided it would be much simpler to assign costs by using one plant wide rate as they did before merger. Machine hours are selected as basis for allocation as this is what Division B used. This decision was based on fact that Division B seems more efficient, given Division B\'s lower total cost per unit. Moreover, top management reasons that Division B appears to be the more modern and progressive of two companies given their degree of automation. They also think allocation based on MH more accurately reflects trend of operations in future.
Suppose that once year ends, company finds out that 12,000 machine hours were actually used in the year and actual overhead was $420,000, compute the total overhead applied and over-applied overhead for the year?