According to the “In the News” below,

In the News: Joe Camel Acquires Newport In a widely anticipated move, Reynolds American, producer of best-selling brand Camel, announced yesterday that it has agreed to buy Lorillard, maker of Newport, the number 1 menthol cigarette. The $25 billion deal will combine the number 2 and number 3 cigarette manufacturers. The new company, retaining the Reynolds American name, will have 35 percent of the U.S. market, running second to Altria’s 47 percent share. As part of the deal, Imperial Tobacco will purchase several of Lorillard’s brands, including Blu, its popular e-cigarette, and end up with 10 percent of the market. Liggett Vector will keep 4 percent of the market. Prior to merging, Reynolds had 25 percent of the market and Lorillard had 12 percent, with Imperial at 8 percent. Reynolds expects to cut annual costs by $800 million through eliminating overlap in sales, production, and overhead costs. Consumers worry that reduced competition will raise cigarette prices and further limit choices. The deal must win antitrust approval before it is finalized. Source: News reports, July 15-18, 2014.

What were the values of:

(a) The concentration ratio in the cigarette industry

(i) Prior to the merger?

(ii) After the merger?

(b) The maximum value of the Herfindahl-Hirshman Index?

(i) Prior to the merger?

(ii) After the merger?